Town and Country Planning Organisation (TCPO) was set up in 1962 with the merger of the erstwhile Town Planning Organization (TPO) and Central Regional and Urban Planning Organization (CRUPO).

TPO was set up in 1955 to formulate the First Master Plan for Delhi. The TPO completed the assigned task of formulation of Master Plan for Delhi in September 1962 and as such the main function of TPO was over.

Simultaneously, in 1957, Government of India set up another organization called Central Regional and Urban Planning Organization (CRUPO) to evolve a plan for Delhi Region and to advise on the development of steel towns, river valley projects and other matters related with urban and regional planning.CRUPO started functioning activity from September 1959 in an advisory capacity to the Central Ministries of the Government of India, Planning Commission, State Governments, Local Bodies, and Public Undertakings. The organization also initiated studies on various aspects of urban and regional planning and development.